Membrane-bound CSPG mediates growth cone outgrowth and substrate specificity by Schwann cell contact with the DRG neuron cell body and not via growth cone contact
Abstract
The central nervous system and peripheral nervous system (CNS/PNS) contain factors that inhibit axon regeneration, including myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG), the Nogo protein, and chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan (CSPG). They also contain factors that promote axon regeneration, such as nerve growth factor (NGF) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Axon regeneration into and within the CNS fails because the balance of factor favors inhibiting regeneration, while in the PNS, the balance of factor favors promoting regeneration. The balance of influences in the CNS can be shifted toward promoting axon regeneration by eliminating the regeneration-inhibiting factors, overwhelming them with regeneration-promoting factors, or making axon growth cones non-receptive to regeneration-inhibiting factors. The present in vitro experiments, using adult rat dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons, were designed to determine whether the regeneration-inhibiting influences of Schwann cell CSPG are mediated via Schwann cell membrane contact with the DRG neuron cell body or their growth cones. The average longest neurite of neurons in cell body contact with Schwann cells was 7.4-fold shorter than those of neurons without Schwann cell-neuron...Continue Reading
References
Nogo-A, -B, and -C are found on the cell surface and interact together in many different cell types.
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