Memory and metamemory in schizophrenia: a liberal acceptance account of psychosis

Psychological Medicine
Steffen MoritzRuth Klinge

Abstract

In previous studies we suggested that liberal acceptance (LA) represents a fundamental cognitive bias in schizophrenia and may explain why patients are more willing to accept weak response alternatives and display overconfidence in incorrect responses. The aim of the present study was to test a central assumption of the LA account: false alarms in schizophrenia should be particularly increased when the distractor-target resemblance is weak relative to a control group. Sixty-eight schizophrenia patients were compared to 25 healthy controls on a visual memory task. At encoding, participants studied eight complex displays, each consisting of a unique pairing of four stimulus attributes: symbol, shape, position and colour. At recognition, studied items were presented along with distractors that resembled the targets to varying degrees (i.e. the match between distractors and targets ranged from one to three attributes). Participants were required to make old/new judgements graded for confidence. The hypotheses were confirmed: false recognition was increased for patients compared to controls for weakly and moderately related distractors only, whereas strong lure items induced similar levels of false recognition for both groups. In ac...Continue Reading

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Citations

Feb 11, 2010·Cognitive Neuropsychiatry·Steffen MoritzTania M Lincoln
Apr 8, 2010·Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology·Gildas BrébionMartial Van der Linden
May 26, 2012·Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences·Lisa SchillingCarsten Spitzer
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Feb 18, 2016·Cognitive Neuropsychiatry·Steffen MoritzDaniela Roesch-Ely
Dec 24, 2015·Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics·Steffen MoritzRyan Balzan
Dec 19, 2012·Biological Psychiatry·Laura A LibbyJ Daniel Ragland
Aug 29, 2012·Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry·Maarten J V PetersLena Jelinek
Jun 12, 2012·Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry·Steffen MoritzChristoph Stahl
Sep 27, 2008·Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry·Neil Dagnall, Andrew Parker
Jan 5, 2014·Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry·Steffen MoritzKarsten Grzella
Mar 31, 2015·Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry·Steffen MoritzChristina Andreou
May 2, 2015·Frontiers in Psychology·Christina AndreouSteffen Moritz
Dec 14, 2011·Consciousness and Cognition·Marit HauschildtSteffen Moritz
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May 15, 2012·Psychiatry Research·Roberta RiccaboniRoberto Cavallaro
Jan 28, 2014·Psychiatry Research·Steffen MoritzMaarten J V Peters
Aug 10, 2016·Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry·Steffen MoritzChristina Andreou
Sep 7, 2016·Schizophrenia Research·Steffen MoritzMona Dietrichkeit
Dec 13, 2016·Applied Neuropsychology. Adult·Ricki L Ladowsky-Brooks
Jul 7, 2015·PloS One·Ana CatalanMiguel Angel Gonzalez-Torres
Sep 1, 2012·Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews. Cognitive Science·Dokic Jérôme, Martin Jean-Rémy
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