Memory integration in amnesia: prior knowledge supports verbal short-term memory

Neuropsychologia
Elizabeth RaceMieke Verfaellie

Abstract

Short-term memory (STM) and long-term memory (LTM) have traditionally been considered cognitively distinct. However, it is known that STM can improve when to-be-remembered information appears in contexts that make contact with prior knowledge, suggesting a more interactive relationship between STM and LTM. The current study investigated whether the ability to leverage LTM in support of STM critically depends on the integrity of the hippocampus. Specifically, we investigated whether the hippocampus differentially supports between-domain versus within-domain STM-LTM integration given prior evidence that the representational domain of the elements being integrated in memory is a critical determinant of whether memory performance depends on the hippocampus. In Experiment 1, we investigated hippocampal contributions to within-domain STM-LTM integration by testing whether immediate verbal recall of words improves in MTL amnesic patients when words are presented in familiar verbal contexts (meaningful sentences) compared to unfamiliar verbal contexts (random word lists). Patients demonstrated a robust sentence superiority effect, whereby verbal STM performance improved in familiar compared to unfamiliar verbal contexts, and the magnit...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jul 10, 2020·Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences·Stephen DarlingLise Flornes
Apr 7, 2018·F1000Research·Richard J Allen
Dec 8, 2017·Dementia & Neuropsychologia·Nariana Mattos Figueiredo Sousa
Jan 31, 2020·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Kathrin MüschChristopher J Honey
Apr 6, 2021·Memory·Alessandro Guida, Mathilde Maherault

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