Abstract
To describe clinical and clinicopathologic findings and outcome of horses with meningitis and meningoencephalomyelitis. Retrospective case series. 28 horses. Medical records of horses admitted to the hospital during a 25-year period were reviewed. Horses with a definitive diagnosis of meningitis or meningoencephalomyelitis were included in this study. Information extracted from the medical records included signalment, history, reason for admission, clinical signs, results of clinicopathologic testing and diagnostic procedures, treatment, outcome, and necropsy findings. 22 horses had confirmed infectious disease (19 bacterial, 2 parasitic, and 1 fungal), 4 had suspected infectious disease on the basis of CSF cytologic examination findings, and 2 had noninfectious meningitis or meningoencephalomyelitis. Trauma of the head and vertebral column with disruption of the blood-brain barrier and local ascending or hematogenous spread were the most common routes of infection. Common neurologic signs included abnormal mental status, cranial nerve deficits, vestibular dysfunction, ataxia, tetraparesis, and apparent neck pain. Common hematologic abnormalities included leukocytosis, neutrophilia, lymphopenia, and hyperfibrinogenemia. Cytolog...Continue Reading
References
Sep 17, 1992·The New England Journal of Medicine·V Quagliarello, W M Scheld
Nov 1, 1987·Equine Veterinary Journal·J R AllenR D Murnane
Oct 1, 1986·The Journal of Infectious Diseases·S M SmithF Buccini
Mar 1, 1987·Equine Veterinary Journal·D D MorrisK C Lloyd
May 1, 1973·The British Veterinary Journal·H Platt
Jul 31, 1965·Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences·D R Drury
Jan 1, 1983·Equine Veterinary Journal·P J TimoneyM J Bryne
Jan 1, 1981·Veterinary Pathology·R J SeilerA R Jackson
Sep 1, 1994·Equine Veterinary Journal·L ReillyA Hamir
Dec 1, 1993·Australian Veterinary Journal·C M TylerD R Hodgson
Mar 6, 1997·The New England Journal of Medicine·V J Quagliarello, W M Scheld
Feb 24, 1997·Archives of Internal Medicine·B SigurdardóttirS Gudmundsson
Jul 22, 1998·The Veterinary Record·S A Newton
May 29, 2001·Journal of Clinical Microbiology·J DownarD E Low
Oct 13, 2001·Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine·C J CornelisseD S Rosenstein
Jan 11, 2003·Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·Gary D Overturf
Mar 18, 2003·Equine Veterinary Journal·T J P SpoormakersA J M van den Belt
Nov 18, 2003·Clinical Microbiology and Infection : the Official Publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases·S ElsayedZ Hussain
Mar 9, 2004·Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association·Jennifer J SmithMary Rose Paradis
Jul 15, 2005·Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association·Alessandra Pellegrini-MasiniM Julia B F Flaminio
Aug 3, 2006·The Veterinary Clinics of North America. Equine Practice·Alessandra Pellegrini-Masini, Leanda C Livesey
Sep 5, 2006·Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association·Carrie FinnoTara Holmberg
Nov 24, 2006·Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation : Official Publication of the American Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians, Inc·Uneeda K BryantChuen B Hong
Aug 5, 2008·Journal of Clinical Immunology·M Julia B F FlaminioMary Beth Matychak
Oct 1, 2008·Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine·K A HartM H Barton
Jan 15, 2010·The New England Journal of Medicine·Diederik van de BeekAllan R Tunkel
Feb 9, 2010·Lancet Neurology·Diederik van de BeekA H Zwinderman
Jul 20, 2010·Equine Veterinary Journal·V A LacombeS M Reed
Citations
Oct 11, 2013·The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science·Ji-Youl JungSoon-Seek Yoon
Sep 24, 2015·Veterinary Radiology & Ultrasound : the Official Journal of the American College of Veterinary Radiology and the International Veterinary Radiology Association·Stacy D CooleyHollis N Erb
Jan 29, 2014·Veterinary Surgery : VS·Fabienne S BachHubert Simhofer
Jun 7, 2014·Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine·M AlemanT A Holliday
Nov 28, 2015·The Veterinary Clinics of North America. Equine Practice·Brett S Tennent-BrownStephen Reed
Jun 17, 2016·Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association·Valentina StefanettiMaria Luisa Marenzoni
Mar 14, 2018·Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care·Patricia G RosensteinDez Hughes
Aug 8, 2018·Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine·M AlemanP H Kass
May 13, 2014·Surgical Neurology International·Laxmaiah ManchikantiJoshua A Hirsch
Jun 6, 2017·Veterinary Pathology·Quinci PlumleeAline Rodrigues Hoffmann
Jan 23, 2021·Journal of Equine Veterinary Science·Sandra ZetterströmLindsey Boone
Jun 11, 2021·Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation : Official Publication of the American Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians, Inc·Dah-Jiun FuCraig Miller
Jun 14, 2021·The Veterinary Clinics of North America. Equine Practice·Krista Estell
Jul 30, 2021·Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine·Monica R AlemanMunashe Chigerwe
Sep 8, 2020·Acta Veterinaria Hungarica·Orsolya KutasiOttó Szenci