Mesenchymal Stem Cell Derived Extracellular Vesicles in Aging

Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology
Jérémy BoulestreauDanièle Noël

Abstract

Aging is associated with high prevalence of chronic degenerative diseases that take a large part of the increasing burden of morbidities in a growing demographic of elderly people. Aging is a complex process that involves cell autonomous and cell non-autonomous mechanisms where senescence plays an important role. Senescence is characterized by the loss of proliferative potential, resistance to cell death by apoptosis and expression of a senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). SASP includes pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, tissue-damaging proteases, growth factors; all contributing to tissue microenvironment alteration and loss of tissue homeostasis. Emerging evidence suggests that the changes in the number and composition of extracellular vesicles (EVs) released by senescent cells contribute to the adverse effects of senescence in aging. In addition, age-related alterations in mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) have been associated to dysregulated functions. The loss of functional stem cells necessary to maintain tissue homeostasis likely directly contributes to aging. In this review, we will focus on the characteristics and role of EVs isolated from senescent MSCs, the potential effect of MSC-derived EVs...Continue Reading

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Citations

May 28, 2020·Pharmaceutics·Carl Randall HarrellVladislav Volarevic
Oct 6, 2020·Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology·Marie MaumusDanièle Noël
Jul 30, 2020·Journal of Clinical Medicine·Houssam AhegetKarim Benabdellah
May 29, 2020·Mechanisms of Ageing and Development·Ryan WallisCleo L Bishop
Jun 4, 2021·Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology·Laura R Goldberg
May 27, 2021·Journal of Extracellular Vesicles·Uta ErdbrüggerElena S Martens-Uzunova
Aug 28, 2021·Biomedicines·Yousra HamdanGabriel Malka

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
biopsies

Related Concepts

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Apoptosis

Apoptosis is a specific process that leads to programmed cell death through the activation of an evolutionary conserved intracellular pathway leading to pathognomic cellular changes distinct from cellular necrosis