Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy in Submandibular Salivary Gland Allotransplantation: Experimental Study

Transplantation
Akram A AlmansooriJong-Ho Lee

Abstract

Allotransplantation of submandibular salivary glands (SMGs) could be an alternative treatment option for severe keratoconjunctivitis sicca in noncandidates for autologous SMG transplantation. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of allogeneic mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy on the survival of allotransplanted SMGs. Thirty-six SMG allotransplantations (n = 6 per group) were performed in New Zealand white rabbits and randomly divided into the following groups: allograft control (Allo-Ctrl), low-dose FK506 (FK506-L), high-dose FK506 (FK506-H), allogeneic MSCs, MSCs+FK506-L, and MSCs+FK506-H. Rabbits were closely observed for 2 weeks. Gland viability and rejection were assessed by monitoring interleukin-2 levels by ELISA, sialoscintigraphy, M3-muscarinic acetylcholine receptor expression, histological evaluation, and apoptosis assay. Intraoperatively, all glands showed patency and saliva flow except 1 gland. Sialoscintigraphy revealed significantly higher saliva production within the MSC-treated glands. Histologically, MSC-treated glands showed higher glandular tissue preservation and less acini atrophy. The MSCs+FK506-H group revealed significantly lower apoptosis percentage. The highest survival was observed in the...Continue Reading

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