Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Multiple Sclerosis: Recent Evidence from Pre-Clinical to Clinical Studies.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
Agnese GugliandoloEmanuela Mazzon

Abstract

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune, demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. Nowadays, available therapies for MS can help to manage MS course and symptoms, but new therapeutic approaches are required. Stem cell therapy using mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) appeared promising in different neurodegenerative conditions, thanks to their beneficial capacities, including the immunomodulation ability, and to their secretome. The secretome is represented by growth factors, cytokines, and extracellular vesicles (EVs) released by MSCs. In this review, we focused on studies performed on in vivo MS models involving the administration of MSCs and on clinical trials evaluating MSCs administration. Experimental models of MS evidenced that MSCs were able to reduce inflammatory cell infiltration and disease score. Moreover, MSCs engineered to express different genes, preconditioned with different compounds, differentiated or in combination with other compounds also exerted beneficial actions in MS models, in some cases also superior to native MSCs. Secretome, both conditioned medium and EVs, also showed protective effects in MS models and appeared promising to develop new approaches. Clinical trials highlighted the safety and f...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jul 27, 2021·Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology·Jayden A SmithStefano Pluchino
Aug 28, 2021·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·María Gutiérrez-FernándezLaura Otero-Ortega
Aug 23, 2021·Stem Cell Research & Therapy·Mai AbdelgawadAhmed Lotfy
Aug 22, 2021·Pharmacological Research : the Official Journal of the Italian Pharmacological Society·Jing WenYongjiang Li

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
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transfection

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