Metabolic Changes Associated with a Rat Model of Diabetic Depression Detected by Ex Vivo 1 H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy in the Prefrontal Cortex, Hippocampus, and Hypothalamus

Neural Plasticity
Kun LiuHongchang Gao

Abstract

Diabetic patients often present with comorbid depression. However, the pathogenetic mechanisms underlying diabetic depression (DD) remain unclear. To explore the mechanisms underpinning the pathogenesis of the disease, we used ex vivo 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and immunohistochemistry to investigate the main metabolic and pathological changes in various rat brain areas in an animal model of DD. Compared with the control group, rats in the DD group showed significant decreases in neurotransmitter concentrations of glutamate (Glu) and glutamine (Gln) in the prefrontal cortex (PFC), hippocampus, and hypothalamus and aspartate and glycine in the PFC and hypothalamus. Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) was decreased only in the hypothalamus. Levels of the energy product, lactate, were higher in the PFC, hippocampus, and hypothalamus of rats with DD than those in control rats, while creatine was lower in the PFC and hippocampus, and alanine was lower in the hypothalamus. The levels of other brain metabolites were altered, including N-acetyl aspartate, taurine, and choline. Immunohistochemistry analysis revealed that expressions of both glutamine synthetase and glutaminase were decreased in the PFC, hippocampus, and hypot...Continue Reading

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Citations

Apr 8, 2020·Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience·Changwei YangHongchang Gao

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
nuclear magnetic resonance
NMR
PCA

Software Mentioned

Pro Plus
PLS
TopSpin
DA
P +
AMIX
SIMCA
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