Metabolic Reprogramming and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Plasticity: Opportunities and Challenges for Cancer Therapy

Frontiers in Oncology
Nai-Yun Sun, Muh-Hwa Yang

Abstract

Metabolic reprogramming and epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity are both hallmarks of the adaptation of cancer cells for tumor growth and progression. For metabolic changes, cancer cells alter metabolism by utilizing glucose, lipids, and amino acids to meet the requirement of rapid proliferation and to endure stressful environments. Dynamic changes between the epithelial and mesenchymal phenotypes through epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET) are critical steps for cancer invasion and metastatic colonization. Compared to the extensively studied metabolic reprogramming in tumorigenesis, the metabolic changes in metastasis are relatively unclear. Here, we review metabolic reprogramming, epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity, and their mutual influences on tumor cells. We also review the developing treatments for targeting cancer metabolism and the impact of metabolic targeting on EMT. In summary, understanding the metabolic adaption and phenotypic plasticity will be mandatory for developing new strategies to target metastatic and refractory cancers that are intractable to current treatments.

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Citations

Aug 28, 2020·Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology·Xiaowei LaiLin Guo
Jun 3, 2021·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Vittoria InfantinoVito Iacobazzi
Aug 31, 2021·The EMBO Journal·Simone BrabletzMarc P Stemmler

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
environmental stress
deamination

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