PMID: 6105076May 1, 1980Paper

Metabolism of extracellular glutathione in rat small-intestinal mucosa

European Journal of Biochemistry
R GrafströmS Orrenius

Abstract

Metabolism of exogenous glutathione was investigated in suspensions of freshly isolated rat small-intestinal mucosal cells. The cells catalyzed the oxidation of reduced glutathione (GSH) to glutathione disulfide (GSSG). Neither serine . borate nor methionine significantly influenced this reaction. Formed GSSG was further metabolized as indicated by its disappearance from the medium. Degradation of GSSG was stimulated by methionine and inhibited by serine . borate. Separation and identification of GSSG metabolites were achieved by high performance liquid chromatography. The results indicate that the preferred route for GSSG metabolism to the constituent amino acids in small intestine, is by hydrolytic removal of the two gamma-glutamyl groups of GSSG to yield cystinyl-bisglycine which is subsequently hydrolyzed to cystine. gamma-Glutamyltransferase activity was compared in isolated intestinal, kidney and liver cells using gamma-glutamyl-p-nitrocarboxyanilide as substrate. Kidney cells were approximately 5-fold and 150-fold more active than intestinal and liver cells, respectively. Serine . borate markedly inhibited, and glycyl-glycine stimulated, hydrolysis of gamma-glutamyl-p-nitrocarboxyanilide in all cell types confirming the ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jan 1, 1986·International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience : the Official Journal of the International Society for Developmental Neuroscience·A W Budi Santoso, T Bär
Nov 26, 2003·Journal of Controlled Release : Official Journal of the Controlled Release Society·A Bernkop-SchnürchD Guggi
Jan 20, 2004·European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics : Official Journal of Arbeitsgemeinschaft Für Pharmazeutische Verfahrenstechnik E.V·Andreas Bernkop-SchnürchDavide Guggi
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