Metal exposure and reproductive disorders in indigenous communities living along the Pilcomayo River, Bolivia

The Science of the Total Environment
Marinke J M StassenNel Roeleveld

Abstract

The Pilcomayo River is polluted by tailings and effluents from upstream mining activities, which contain high levels of metals. The Weenhayek live along this river and are likely to have elevated exposure. To assess whether the Weenhayek have increased risk of reproductive and developmental disorders related to elevated metal exposure in comparison with a reference population. We assessed reproductive and developmental outcomes, i.e. fertility, fetal loss, congenital anomalies, and walking onset by means of structured interviews. We sampled hair, water and fish to assess the relative exposure of the Weenhayek. Samples were analyzed for Pb and Cd with ICP-MS techniques. The Weenhayek communities studied had a higher prevalence of small families (OR 2.7, 95% CI 1.3-6.0) and delayed walking onset (OR 2.7, 95% CI 1.4-5.1) than the reference population. Median Pb levels in Weenhayek hair were 2-5 times higher than in the reference population, while Cd levels were not elevated. In water and fish, both Pb and Cd levels were increased in the Weenhayek area. We found indications for increased risks of small families and delayed walking onset among the Weenhayek living along the Pilcomayo River. Lactants form a high risk group for lead e...Continue Reading

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Citations

Dec 25, 2012·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Jack CaravanosRichard Fuller
Mar 25, 2017·Environmental Geochemistry and Health·Alan E GarridoRobert W Nairn
Feb 18, 2015·Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine·Sara FaragRobin Taylor Wilson
Oct 22, 2017·Analytica Chimica Acta·D PozebonV L Dressler

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