Metastable pores at the onset of constant-current electroporation.

The Journal of Membrane Biology
Malgorzata KotulskaPrzemyslaw Sadowski

Abstract

Single metastable nanopores, appearing before the actual electroporation under constant-current conditions, are used to characterize the onset of electroporation. Unlike the long-lived electropores typical of the current controlled methods, these pores survive for milliseconds and observing them is possible due to slow development of electroporation, provided by the gradual accumulation of charges on a planar membrane. Analysis of the metastable pore appearance frequency and lifetime shows the first introductory stage of electroporation. During this stage two species of metastable pores open, the majority of very low conductance that seem not fully developed as hydrophilic electropores. The experiments reveal that voltage value defines the electroporation onset while the current value affects the rate of electroporation. Membrane capacitance has a great impact on the membrane susceptibility to the pore appearance, related to its thickness and integrity. Pores of nonperfect membranes appear more easily, but they do not live any longer than others.

References

Apr 29, 1998·Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta·S KalinowskiZ Figaszewski
Apr 20, 2004·Physical Review. E, Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics·Malgorzata KotulskaSlawomir Kalinowski
Jul 21, 2004·BMC Biochemistry·D Peter Tieleman
Mar 15, 2005·Biophysical Journal·Mounir Tarek
Dec 26, 2006·Biophysical Journal·Malgorzata Kotulska

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Citations

Aug 14, 2012·The Journal of Membrane Biology·Peter KramarDamijan Miklavčič
Apr 18, 2013·PloS One·Mayya TokmanP Thomas Vernier
Nov 6, 2014·IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems·William HoilesBruce Cornell
May 6, 2015·European Biophysics Journal : EBJ·Mindaugas S Venslauskas, Saulius Šatkauskas
Feb 21, 2019·Annual Review of Biophysics·Tadej KotnikDamijan Miklavčič

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