Metformin Ameliorates Synaptic Defects in a Mouse Model of AD by Inhibiting Cdk5 Activity

Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience
YaLi WangJianGang Wang

Abstract

Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5) is a serine/threonine kinase that is activated by the neuron-specific activators p35/p39 and plays important roles in neuronal development, synaptic plasticity, and cognitive behavior. However, the proteolytic cleavage of p35 to p25 leads to prolonged and aberrant Cdk5 activation and results in synaptic depression, highly mimicking the early pathology of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Therefore, Cdk5 inhibition is a potential promising strategy for AD drug development. Here in the present study, we showed that metformin, the most widely used drug for type 2 diabetes, suppressed Cdk5 hyper-activation and Cdk5-dependent tau hyper-phosphorylation in the APP/PS1 mouse hippocampus. We also identified the underlying molecular and cellular mechanism that metformin prevented Cdk5 hyper-activation by inhibiting the calpain-dependent cleavage of p35 into p25. Moreover, chronic metformin treatment rescued the core phenotypes in APP/PS1 mice as evidenced by restored spine density, surface GluA1 trafficking, Long-term potentiation (LTP) expression, and spatial memory. Altogether our study discovered an unidentified role of metformin in suppressing Cdk5 hyper-activation and thus preventing AD pathogenesis and sugg...Continue Reading

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Citations

Apr 27, 2021·Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs·Evans D PopeMarwan Noel Sabbagh
Jun 1, 2021·Frontiers in Pharmacology·Mercedes Garcia-GilMaria Grazia Tozzi
Oct 23, 2021·The European Journal of Neuroscience·Xiao-Yu LiuPing Xu

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
Kinase

Software Mentioned

ImageJ
Metamorph
MED64 Mobius
Ethovision XT

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