Metformin, Microbiome and Protection Against Colorectal Cancer.

Digestive Diseases and Sciences
Georgina R Jones, Mark P Molloy

Abstract

Metformin is widely used as a firstline therapy to improve insulin sensitivity in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. This is achieved primarily through regulating AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)-dependent pathways leading to reduced hepatic gluconeogenesis and improved muscular uptake of glucose. Epidemiological studies first recognized a relationship with metformin use in T2DM patients and reduced colorectal cancer (CRC) risk. Thereafter, metformin has gained wide attention as a candidate CRC chemopreventative agent; however, the molecular mechanisms underlying its gastrointestinal anti-cancer properties appear multi-faceted and are not well understood. An intriguing area of research is the growing evidence of metformin's metabolic juncture with gut microbiota at the intestinal mucosal interface. This review examines the mechanistic evidence which may account for metformin's protection against CRC through interactions between the drug, gut microbiota and the colonic epithelial mucosa.

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Citations

Jul 3, 2021·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Isabella PanfoliDavide Maggi
Oct 7, 2021·Journal of Cell Communication and Signaling·Zihong WuMasoud Najafi
Nov 11, 2021·Journal of Drug Targeting·Bartłomiej BarczyńskiJan Kotarski

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