Abstract
A novel, strictly anaerobic, methanogenic archaeon, strain E03.2, was isolated from a full-scale biogas plant in Germany. Cells were non-motile sarcina-like cocci, occurring in aggregates. Strain E03.2 grows autotrophically on H2 plus CO2, additionally cells can utilize acetate, methanol, moni-, di- and trimethylamine as carbon and energy sources; however, growth or methanogenesis on formate was not observed. Yeast extract and vitamins stimulate growth but were not mandatory.The optimal growth temperature was approximately 45 °C; maximal growth rates were obtained at pH about 7.0 at approximately 6.8 mM NaCl. The DNA G+C content of strain E03.2T was 41.3 mol%. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA and mcrA gene sequences placed strain E03.2T within the genus Methanosarcina. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence identity strain E03.2T was related to seven different Methanosarcina species, but most closely related to M. thermophila TM-1T. Phenotypical, physiological and genomic characteristics indicated that strain E03.2T represents a novel species. The name Methanosarcina flavescens sp. nov. is proposed for this novel species, with strain E03.2T (=DSM 100822 =JCM 30921) as the type strain.
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