Methoxetamine, a ketamine derivative, produced conditioned place preference and was self-administered by rats: Evidence of its abuse potential

Pharmacology, Biochemistry, and Behavior
Chrislean Jun BotanasJae Hoon Cheong

Abstract

Methoxetamine (MXE) is an N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist that is chemically and pharmacologically similar to ketamine. Recently, there have been many reports regarding its use/misuse in humans which have resulted in serious or even fatal outcomes. Despite these reports, MXE is not controlled or regulated in many countries which may be partly due to the lack of scientific evidence regarding its abuse potential. Thus, in the present study we evaluated the abuse potential (rewarding and reinforcing effects) of MXE through the conditioned place preference (CPP) and self-administration (SA) tests in Sprague-Dawley rats. In addition, locomotor activity during the conditioning phase of the CPP was also analyzed. Ketamine was used as a reference drug. MXE (2.5 and 5mg/kg) induced significant CPP in rats, an effect comparable to that of ketamine (5mg/kg). Interestingly, MXE did not produce any locomotor alterations while ketamine decreased the locomotor activity of rats. In the SA test, rats showed modest self-administration of MXE (0.25, 0.5, 1.0mg/kg/infusion), while ketamine (0.5mg/kg/infusion) was robustly self-administered. These results demonstrate that MXE, similar to ketamine, has rewarding and reinforcing effec...Continue Reading

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Citations

Oct 21, 2015·Drug and Alcohol Dependence·Jolanta B Zawilska, Dariusz Andrzejczak
Jan 14, 2016·Psychopharmacology·Adam L HalberstadtSusan B Powell
Nov 5, 2015·Biomolecules & Therapeutics·Reinholdgher TampusJae Hoon Cheong
Nov 12, 2016·Psychopharmacology·Katherine N WrightMohamed Kabbaj
Jan 21, 2017·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Qiang WangPeng Wu
Jul 19, 2017·British Journal of Pharmacology·M T ZandaL Fattore
Oct 9, 2019·Behavioural Brain Research·Keith A Trujillo, Colleen Y Heller
Jan 31, 2021·Pharmacology, Biochemistry, and Behavior·M L Shawn Bates, Keith A Trujillo
Jun 5, 2016·Brain Research Bulletin·Yu LiuWenhua Zhou
Sep 15, 2021·British Journal of Pharmacology·Kristýna Štefková-MazochováTomáš Páleníček

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