Methyl bromide fumigation and delayed mortality: safe trade of live pests?

Journal of Pest Science
C B PhillipsB P Stephenson

Abstract

Live organisms intercepted from treated commodities during phytosanitary inspections usually arouse suspicions of treatment failure, sub-standard treatment application, or post-treatment infestation. The additional possibility that some treatments could kill slowly, meaning commodities might be inspected before pests have succumbed, is seldom considered for treatments other than irradiation. We used a novel biochemical viability assay to measure delays between methyl bromide fumigation and mortality of dipteran eggs, and evaluated the correspondence between egg viability and egg morphological features. Our experimental conditions simulated shipping of rock melons from Australia to New Zealand by sea and air. No eggs survived fumigation, but they took 3-20 days to die, whereas phytosanitary inspections of rock melons occur within 2-7 days. Delays were not influenced by methyl bromide concentration, but were significantly lengthened by cooler storage temperatures. Methyl bromide's preservative effects delayed degradation of egg morphology, so the biochemical assay detected mortality long before morphological signs of egg death appeared. The results show that commodities subjected to effective methyl bromide treatments are at risk...Continue Reading

References

Feb 15, 2005·Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health·José G B Derraik
Oct 11, 2005·Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences·K F Armstrong, S L Ball
Oct 7, 2009·Philosophical Transactions. Series A, Mathematical, Physical, and Engineering Sciences·Andreas BujaHadley Wickham
Mar 28, 2012·Vector Borne and Zoonotic Diseases·Jolyon M MedlockWim Van Bortel

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MPI
R
R Core Team
R package “ ggplot2
R package “ survival

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