PMID: 11907929Mar 23, 2002Paper

Microanatomy of the female reproductive organs in postmenopause by scanning electron microscopy

Climacteric : the Journal of the International Menopause Society
Sayoko MakabeL Zichella

Abstract

The detailed three-dimensional ultrastructural features of the reproductive organs of menopausal and postmenopausal women were studied by means of integrated transmission and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and reported in a new colored microtopographical fashion. These methods revealed significant alterations in the microanatomy of the various reproductive organs specifically related to the decline of plasma estrogen levels. In particular, the ovary progressively showed characteristic wide areas of loss of epithelium with consequent exposure of the underlying connective tissue. Both endometrial and tubal mucosa demonstrated a gradual but often dramatic decrease in the number of ciliated cells which was more evident in the tube. In addition, the non-ciliated (microvillous secretory) cells of the uterus, including both endocervix and tubal mucosa, became flattened and, in some instances, their apical poles developed unusual wrinkles (microridges or microplicae). The ectocervix and vaginal squamous cells presented a reduction in the number of their microridges and changes in the typical structural organization. These microtopographical results showed that the decline of estrogen during the menopause and postmenopause induces i...Continue Reading

Citations

Jul 26, 2002·Fertility and Sterility·Pietro M MottaSayoko Makabe
Apr 29, 2014·Tissue & Cell·Lúcia Alves da Silva LaraAna Carolina Japur de Sá Rosa-e-Silva
Oct 7, 2004·American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology·Jurgen M J PiekRené H M Verheijen
Jan 30, 2015·PloS One·Pui-ying LamAnna Huttenlocher

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