Microbial degradation of phthalates: biochemistry and environmental implications.

Environmental Microbiology Reports
Matthias BollBernhard Schink

Abstract

The environmentally relevant xenobiotic esters of phthalic acid (PA), isophthalic acid (IPA) and terephthalic acid (TPA) are produced on a million ton scale annually and are predominantly used as plastic polymers or plasticizers. Degradation by microorganisms is considered as the most effective means of their elimination from the environment and proceeds via hydrolysis to the corresponding PA isomers and alcohols under oxic and anoxic conditions. Further degradation of PA, IPA and TPA differs fundamentally between anaerobic and aerobic microorganisms. The latter introduce hydroxyl functionalities by dioxygenases to facilitate subsequent decarboxylation by either aromatizing dehydrogenases or cofactor-free decarboxylases. In contrast, anaerobic bacteria activate the PA isomers to the respective thioesters using CoA ligases or CoA transferases followed by decarboxylation to the central intermediate benzoyl-CoA. Decarboxylases acting on the three PA CoA thioesters belong to the UbiD enzyme family that harbour a prenylated flavin mononucleotide (FMN) cofactor to achieve the mechanistically challenging decarboxylation. Capture of the extremely instable PA-CoA intermediate is accomplished by a massive overproduction of phthaloyl-CoA ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Mar 30, 2020·Applied and Environmental Microbiology·Christa Ebenau-JehleMatthias Boll
Oct 11, 2020·Microbial Biotechnology·Jinglin Hu, Erica M Hartmann
Nov 15, 2020·Journal of Hazardous Materials·Mihir Tanay DasLakhveer Singh
Mar 2, 2021·Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology·Sandhya MishraShaohua Chen
Apr 3, 2021·Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology·Marco A Pereyra-CamachoAntonio De Leon-Rodriguez
Apr 21, 2021·The Journal of Microbiology·Jeeeun ParkKyoung-Ho Kim
Jan 3, 2020·Environmental Science & Technology·Robyn J WrightJoseph A Christie-Oleza
Sep 17, 2021·Journal of Industrial Microbiology & Biotechnology·Angel González-MárquezCarmen Sánchez
Nov 25, 2021·Environmental Microbiology Reports·Mousumi BhattacharyyaTapan K Dutta

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