Microbial Niche Diversification in the Galápagos Archipelago and Its Response to El Niño

Frontiers in Microbiology
S. GiffordAdrian Marchetti

Abstract

The Galápagos Archipelago is located at the intersection of several major oceanographic features that produce diverse environmental conditions around the islands, and thus has the potential to serve as a natural laboratory for discerning the underlying environmental factors that structure marine microbial communities. Here we used quantitative metagenomics to characterize microbial communities in relation to archipelago marine habitats, and how those populations shift due to substantial environmental changes brought on by El Niño. Environmental conditions such as temperature, salinity, inorganic dissolved nutrients, and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations varied throughout the archipelago, revealing a diversity of potential microbial niches arising from upwelling, oligotrophic to eutrophic gradients, physical isolation, and potential island mass effects. The volumetric abundances of microbial community members shifted with these environmental changes and revealed several taxonomic indicators of different water masses. This included a transition from a Synechococcus dominated system in the west to an even mix of Synechococcus and Prochlorococcus in the east, mirroring the archipelago's mesotrophic to oligotrophic and p...Continue Reading

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Datasets Mentioned

BETA
PRJNA640218

Methods Mentioned

BETA
PCA
flow cytometry

Software Mentioned

BLASTx
FastQC
Pear
Diamond
Galaxy
PERMANOVA
BLASTn
Trimmomatic
R vegan package
R

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