Microbiologic factors and visual outcome in the endophthalmitis vitrectomy study

American Journal of Ophthalmology

Abstract

To evaluate the relationship between microbiologic factors, effect of treatment, and visual outcome in the Endophthalmitis Vitrectomy Study. Four hundred twenty patients were enrolled in the Endophthalmitis Vitrectomy Study between February 1990 and January 1994. Of these, 394 completed 9 to 12 months of follow-up. Patients presented with features of bacterial endophthalmitis within 6 weeks of cataract extraction or secondary intraocular lens implantation. The relations between visual outcome and the identity of infecting species, gram stain results, antibiotic susceptibilities, and presence of vitrectomy cassette growth were examined. Rates of achieving final visual acuity of 20/100 or better for the more common isolates were as follows: gram-positive, coagulase-negative micrococci, 84%; Staphylococcus aureus, 50%; streptococci, 30%; enterococci, 14%; and gram-negative organisms, 56%. A positive gram stain or infection with species other than gram-positive, coagulase-negative micrococci were significantly associated with poorer visual outcome (P < .001 for species group comparisons). However, presenting visual acuity was more powerful than microbiologic factors in predicting visual outcome and favorable response to vitrectomy....Continue Reading

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