Microbiome and bacterial translocation in cirrhosis

Gastroenterología y hepatología
Isabel Gómez-HurtadoRubén Francés

Abstract

Qualitative and quantitative changes in gut microbiota play a very important role in cirrhosis. Humans harbour around 100 quintillion gut bacteria, thus representing around 10 times more microbial cells than eukaryotic ones. The gastrointestinal tract is the largest surface area in the body and it is subject to constant exposure to these living microorganisms. The existing symbiosis, proven by the lack of proinflammatory response against commensal bacteria, implies the presence of clearly defined communication lines that contribute to the maintenance of homeostasis of the host. Therefore, alterations of gut flora seem to play a role in the pathogenesis and progress of multiple liver and gastrointestinal diseases. This has made its selective modification into an area of high therapeutic interest. Bacterial translocation is defined as the migration of bacteria or bacterial products from the intestines to the mesenteric lymph nodes. It follows that alteration in gut microbiota have shown importance, at least to some extent, in the pathogenesis of several complications arising from terminal liver disease, such as hepatic encephalopathy, portal hypertension and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. This review sums up, firstly, how liv...Continue Reading

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Citations

May 26, 2017·APMIS : Acta Pathologica, Microbiologica, Et Immunologica Scandinavica·Lina CaoQiushui He
Oct 28, 2019·American Journal of Physiology. Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology·Somaya A M AlbhaisiArun J Sanyal
Dec 7, 2018·Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology·Marina VilasecaJordi Gracia-Sancho

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