Microcirculatory Effects of Botulinum Toxin A in the Rat: Acute and Chronic Vasodilation

Annals of Plastic Surgery
Roberto Giorgio AruRobert L Hester

Abstract

Botulinum toxin-A (BTX) has numerous cosmetic and therapeutic applications. Our previous studies have found that BTX augments pedicled flap survival through both vasodilatory effects and attenuation of the inflammatory response to ischemia in the rat. This study examines the effect of chronic BTX on microcirculatory vascular tone and its response to acute topical vasodilators in muscle flaps. The spinotrapezius muscle of Sprague-Dawley rats underwent a single 2-week pretreatment of 0.2 mL saline either with (n = 5) or without (n = 5) 2u BTX. After surgical elevation, an arcade arteriole was observed using a video caliper device. Vessel diameter was measured at 30-second intervals after sequential superfusion of nitroglycerin (100 and 200 μg/mL), multiple concentrations of lidocaine, and a combination of adenosine (10 μM) and nitroprusside (10 μM) to induce maximum dilation. Baseline and dilation diameters were expressed as ratios of pharmacologically induced maximum dilation, whereas percent dilation was defined as the change in diameter over baseline diameter. We found a significant increase in resting diameter with BTX pretreatment (P = 0.0028). Compared with the control group, mean baseline diameter was 15% greater, and perc...Continue Reading

References

Sep 1, 1993·Journal of Reconstructive Microsurgery·J Jernbeck, U E Samuelson
Oct 22, 2002·American Journal of Physiology. Heart and Circulatory Physiology·Judy L MorrisIan L Gibbins
Jan 17, 2007·Anaesthesia·D J NewtonJ J F Belch
Feb 6, 2009·Hand : Official Journal of the American Association for Hand Surgery·Peter B ArnoldDavid B Drake
Jun 21, 2011·American Journal of Physiology. Heart and Circulatory Physiology·Mohamad SebaiRobert L Hester
Mar 19, 2013·Annals of Plastic Surgery·Bo Young ParkTae Hui Bae
May 9, 2013·The Journal of Surgical Research·Dennis F SchweizerJan A Plock

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