Microglial carbohydrate-binding receptors for neural repair

Cell and Tissue Research
Bettina LinnartzHarald Neumann

Abstract

Microglia are the resident immune cells of the central nervous system (CNS) and perform typical scavenging and innate immune functions. Their capacity to eliminate extracellular aggregates and apoptotic neural material without inflammation is crucial for brain tissue homeostasis and repair. To fulfill these tasks, microglia express a whole set of recognition receptors including toll-like (TLRs), carbohydrate-binding, Fc, complement and cytokine receptors. Receptors recognizing carbohydrate structures are strongly involved in microglial repair function. Carbohydrate-binding receptors can be divided into two major subgroups: the sulfated glycosaminoglycan (SGAG)-binding receptors and the lectins (Siglecs, galectins, selectins). SGAG-binding receptors recognize anionic structural motifs within extended SGAG chains. Siglecs bind to the sialic acid cap of the intact glycocalyx. Other lectin family members such as galectins recognize lactosamine units typically exposed after alteration of the glycocalyx. Dependent on the type of microglial carbohydrate-binding receptors that are stimulated, either a pro-inflammatory cytotoxic or an anti-inflammatory repair-promoting response is evoked. The carbohydrate-binding receptors are also cruc...Continue Reading

References

Feb 25, 1991·Neuroscience Letters·M ShimojoS Kohsaka
Jun 9, 1995·Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta·R MoseleyG Embery
Sep 25, 1997·Journal of Neuroscience Research·G GuilleminD Dormont
Oct 1, 1994·Chemistry & Biology·A D Lander
Feb 21, 1998·European Journal of Cancer : Official Journal for European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) [and] European Association for Cancer Research (EACR)·T PainbeniP Allain
Aug 15, 2000·European Journal of Immunology·E TomaselloE Vivier
Feb 27, 2001·International Immunology·T FujimotoM Miyasaka
Mar 30, 2001·The Journal of Biological Chemistry·C E NapperM E Taylor
Jan 12, 2002·Current Opinion in Structural Biology·B Mulloy, R J Linhardt
Apr 12, 2002·Nature·Elizabeth J BradburyStephen B McMahon
Jun 5, 2002·Annual Review of Biochemistry·Jeffrey D Esko, Scott B Selleck
Jul 18, 2002·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Tony Wyss-CorayEliezer Masliah
Apr 30, 2003·The Journal of Experimental Medicine·Benjamin N GantnerDavid M Underhill
May 31, 2003·Nature Reviews. Immunology·Marco Colonna
Jun 12, 2003·Journal of Neuroimmunology·Amjad A IlyasStuart D Cook
Jul 9, 2003·The Journal of Immunology : Official Journal of the American Association of Immunologists·Michael R DawsWilliam E Seaman
Sep 13, 2003·Methods in Enzymology·Kurt Drickamer, Maureen E Taylor
Oct 22, 2003·Clinica Chimica Acta; International Journal of Clinical Chemistry·Kalyan GoswamiSanat Kumar Sen
May 26, 2004·Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics·Ronald L Schnaar
Jul 2, 2004·Nature Reviews. Immunology·Shizuo Akira, Kiyoshi Takeda
Jul 23, 2004·The Journal of Neuroscience : the Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience·Maria Isabel FonsecaAndrea J Tenner
Jan 26, 2005·Trends in Immunology·Philip R TaylorLuisa Martinez-Pomares
Feb 25, 2005·The Journal of Experimental Medicine·Kazuya TakahashiHarald Neumann
Mar 31, 2005·Chemistry & Biology·Rahul RamanRam Sasisekharan
May 17, 2005·Nature Immunology·Jessica A HamermanLewis L Lanier
Jun 16, 2005·Current Opinion in Pharmacology·Paul R Crocker
Jul 15, 2005·Glycobiology·Ajit Varki, Takashi Angata

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Jun 16, 2012·Cell and Tissue Research·H W MüllerM Bähr
Jun 27, 2015·Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry·Valeria LanzaGraziella Vecchio
Apr 5, 2013·Biological Reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society·Eyal KamhiRobert J Linhardt
Oct 23, 2014·Stem Cells·Michael D LovelaceTailoi Chan-Ling
Aug 8, 2014·Frontiers in Neuroengineering·Eduardo FernándezRichard A Normann
Mar 23, 2017·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Zui ZhangKenji Uchimura
Jun 23, 2018·Frontiers in Neuroscience·Paula A Q Videira, Margarida Castro-Caldas

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Related Feeds

Adhesion Molecules in Health and Disease

Cell adhesion molecules are a subset of cell adhesion proteins located on the cell surface involved in binding with other cells or with the extracellular matrix in the process called cell adhesion. In essence, cell adhesion molecules help cells stick to each other and to their surroundings. Cell adhesion is a crucial component in maintaining tissue structure and function. Discover the latest research on adhesion molecule and their role in health and disease here.

Anti-inflammatory Treatments

A drug or substance that reduces inflammation (redness, swelling, and pain) in the body. Anti-inflammatory agents block certain substances in the body that cause inflammation and swelling. Discover the latest research on anti-inflammatory treatments here