Microglial proliferation in the brain of chronic alcoholics with hepatic encephalopathy

Metabolic Brain Disease
Claude V DennisGreg T Sutherland

Abstract

Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a common complication of chronic alcoholism and patients show neurological symptoms ranging from mild cognitive dysfunction to coma and death. The HE brain is characterized by glial changes, including microglial activation, but the exact pathogenesis of HE is poorly understood. During a study investigating cell proliferation in the subventricular zone of chronic alcoholics, a single case with widespread proliferation throughout their adjacent grey and white matter was noted. This case also had concomitant HE raising the possibility that glial proliferation might be a pathological feature of the disease. In order to explore this possibility fixed postmortem human brain tissue from chronic alcoholics with cirrhosis and HE (n = 9), alcoholics without HE (n = 4) and controls (n = 4) were examined using immunohistochemistry and cytokine assays. In total, 4/9 HE cases had PCNA- and a second proliferative marker, Ki-67-positive cells throughout their brain and these cells co-stained with the microglial marker, Iba1. These cases were termed 'proliferative HE' (pHE). The microglia in pHEs displayed an activated morphology with hypertrophied cell bodies and short, thickened processes. In contrast, the micro...Continue Reading

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Citations

Apr 15, 2015·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Natalia QvartskhavaDieter Häussinger
Jul 19, 2016·Neuropathology and Applied Neurobiology·C V DennisG T Sutherland
Feb 26, 2019·Brain Pathology·Patrick Jarmo PaasilaGreg Trevor Sutherland
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Jan 29, 2021·Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology·Sanjay KumarBrian Sims
Jan 1, 2021·Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy = Biomédecine & Pharmacothérapie·Bingjie LuMingyu Sun
Feb 16, 2021·Frontiers in Neuroscience·Ilhuicamina Daniel LimónAleidy Patricio-Martínez
Mar 9, 2021·Brain Plasticity·Ignatius Alvarez CooperSelena E Bartlett
May 29, 2021·Biological Chemistry·Dieter HäussingerBoris Görg
Jun 3, 2021·Brain Sciences·Diego R Pérez-RodríguezMaite Mendioroz
Oct 27, 2021·Journal of Neurochemistry·Caine C SmithGreg T Sutherland

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