Microtubule appendages mediating T-cell motility and polarity

Integrative Biology : Quantitative Biosciences From Nano to Macro
Sergey N Arkhipov, Ivan V Maly

Abstract

Polarization of the centrosome and the Golgi apparatus in the T cell (TC) toward the antigen-presenting cell (APC) is essential for the specificity of the immune response on the cellular level. Previously we reported the existence of thin, long processes on the TC surface, which emanated predominantly from the area next to the Golgi apparatus. They appeared to be involved in the orientation of the TC during the initial phases of its attachment, which preceded the formation of the immunological synapse mediated by lamellipodia. Here we improve the visualization of the long, thin protrusions in the cultured TC and demonstrate using cytoskeleton inhibitors and immunofluorescence that microtubules form their cytoskeletal basis. The protrusions are seen prior to the attachment and the development of the broad lamellipodia (within a few minutes). We propose the term "tubulopodia" for this distinct type of cell appendage. Using an established experimental model that replaces the APC surface with a biomimetic substrate coated with antibodies against the TC receptor (TCR), we demonstrate that abrogation of the lamellipodium-mediated synapse formation does not impede the orientation of the TC Golgi apparatus and the centrosome to the con...Continue Reading

References

Aug 1, 1991·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·K SelmajC S Raine
Aug 1, 1995·The Journal of Cell Biology·B Mickey, J Howard
Jul 9, 2003·The Journal of Immunology : Official Journal of the American Association of Immunologists·Michelle R KuhnéArthur Weiss
Aug 21, 2003·The Journal of Immunology : Official Journal of the American Association of Immunologists·Laura Inés Salazar-FontanaBarbara E Bierer
Oct 6, 2006·Physical Biology·Sergey N Arkhipov, Ivan V Maly
Mar 16, 2007·Experimental Cell Research·Rebecca A WhippleStuart S Martin

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Citations

Jun 4, 2015·Cell Cycle·Nicolas TavernierLionel Pintard
Apr 14, 2016·Small GTPases·Arzu Ulu, Jeffrey A Frost
Jan 9, 2015·The Journal of Physical Chemistry. B·Andre A S T Ribeiro, Vanessa Ortiz
Feb 20, 2016·PLoS Biology·David KleinfeldNachum Ulanovsky

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