Minireview: the impact of antenatal therapeutic synthetic glucocorticoids on the developing fetal brain

Molecular Endocrinology
Melanie E PefferDonald B DeFranco

Abstract

The life-threatening, emotional, and economic burdens of premature birth have been greatly alleviated by antenatal glucocorticoid (GC) treatment. Antenatal GCs accelerate tissue development reducing respiratory distress syndrome and intraventricular hemorrhage in premature infants. However, they can also alter developmental processes in the brain and trigger adverse behavioral and metabolic outcomes later in life. This review summarizes animal model and clinical studies that examined the impact of antenatal GCs on the developing brain. In addition, we describe studies that assess glucocorticoid receptor (GR) action in neural stem/progenitor cells (NSPCs) in vivo and in vitro. We highlight recent work from our group on two GR pathways that impact NSPC proliferation, ie, a nongenomic GR pathway that regulates gap junction intercellular communication between coupled NSPCs through site-specific phosphorylation of connexin 43 and a genomic pathway driven by differential promoter recruitment of a specific GR phosphoisoform.

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Citations

Jul 3, 2016·Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications·Xuting BianXiaotang Fan
Jul 3, 2018·Expert Review of Molecular Diagnostics·Rhiannon MellisLyn S Chitty
Oct 5, 2018·The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism·Liesa IlgNina Alexander
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Apr 30, 2017·Journal of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology·Selma Feldman Witchel

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