Abstract
Changes in the mitochondrial membrane potential play a key role in determining cell fate. Mitochondria membrane hyperpolarization has been found to occur after cell activation, e.g. in lymphocytes, whereas depolarization is associated with apoptosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of an immunological stimulus, i.e. opsonized zymosan A, on human platelet mitochondria by means of flow and static cytometry analyses as well as biochemical methods. We found that opsonized zymosan induced significant changes of platelet morphology at early time points (90 min). This was associated with increased production of reactive oxygen species, and, intriguingly, mitochondrial membrane hyperpolarization. At a later time point (24 h), opsonized zymosan was found to induce increased expression of CD47 adhesion molecule, platelet aggregation, mitochondrial membrane depolarization and phosphatidylserine externalization. Although these late events usually represent signs of apoptosis in nucleated cells, in opsonized zymosan-treated platelets they were not associated with membrane integrity loss, changes in Bcl-2 family protein expression or caspase activation. In addition, pre-treatment with low doses of the 'mitochondriotropic...Continue Reading
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