Mitochondrial DNA patterns in the Macaronesia islands: Variation within and among archipelagos

American Journal of Physical Anthropology
C SantosM Lima

Abstract

Macaronesia covers four Atlantic archipelagos: the Azores, Madeira, the Canary Islands, and the Cape Verde islands. When discovered by Europeans in the 15th century, only the Canaries were inhabited. Historical reports highlight the impact of Iberians on settlement in Macaronesia. Although important differences in their settlement are documented, its influence on their genetic structures and relationships has yet to be ascertained. In this study, the hypervariable region I (HVRI) sequence and coding region polymorphisms of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in 623 individuals from the Azores (120) and Canary Islands (503) were analyzed. Combined with published data, these give a total of 1,542 haplotypes from Macaronesia and 1,067 from the Iberian Peninsula. The results obtained indicate that Cape Verde is the most distinctive archipelago, with an mtDNA pool composed almost exclusively of African lineages. However, the other archipelagos present an mtDNA profile dominated by the presence of West-Eurasian mtDNA haplogroups with African lineages present in varying proportions. Moreover, no signs of integration of typical Canarian U6 lineages in the other archipelagos were detected. The four Macaronesia archipelagos currently have differen...Continue Reading

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Citations

Apr 7, 2012·Genetic Testing and Molecular Biomarkers·Ana M GonzálezJosé M Larruga
Nov 16, 2012·PloS One·Mercedes González-RuizAssumpció Malgosa
Feb 24, 2015·Frontiers in Genetics·Inês NogueiroLuis Alvarez
Dec 23, 2015·American Journal of Physical Anthropology·Viktor ČernýConnie J Mulligan

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