Mitochondrial responses to prolonged anoxia in brain of red-eared slider turtles

Biology Letters
Matthew E PamenterWilliam K Milsom

Abstract

Mitochondria are central to aerobic energy production and play a key role in neuronal signalling. During anoxia, however, the mitochondria of most vertebrates initiate deleterious cell death cascades. Nonetheless, a handful of vertebrate species, including some freshwater turtles, are remarkably tolerant of low oxygen environments and survive months of anoxia without apparent damage to brain tissue. This tolerance suggests that mitochondria in the brains of such species are adapted to withstand prolonged anoxia, but little is known about potential neuroprotective responses. In this study, we address such mechanisms by comparing mitochondrial function between brain tissues isolated from cold-acclimated red-eared slider turtles (Trachemys scripta elegans) exposed to two weeks of either normoxia or anoxia. We found that brain mitochondria from anoxia-acclimated turtles exhibited a unique phenotype of remodelling relative to normoxic controls, including: (i) decreased citrate synthase and F1FO-ATPase activity but maintained protein content, (ii) markedly reduced aerobic capacity, and (iii) mild uncoupling of the mitochondrial proton gradient. These data suggest that turtle brain mitochondria respond to low oxygen stress with a uniq...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jun 24, 2016·Neural Regeneration Research·Matthew E Pamenter
Oct 7, 2016·American Journal of Physiology. Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology·Gina L J GalliDane A Crossley
Jan 24, 2018·The Journal of Experimental Biology·Matthew E PamenterWilliam K Milsom
Jul 12, 2020·The Journal of Experimental Biology·Georgina K Cox, Todd E Gillis
Dec 7, 2018·PloS One·Matthew E PamenterJeffrey G Richards
Jan 1, 2021·Free Radical Biology & Medicine·Chidozie N OkoyeCollins Kamunde
Aug 11, 2020·Gene·Rasha Al-Attar, Kenneth B Storey
Jun 20, 2021·Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology. Toxicology & Pharmacology : CBP·Michael O IseiCollins Kamunde
Aug 27, 2021·Metabolites·Alexander Myrka, Leslie Buck

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