Mobile continuous-flow isotope-ratio mass spectrometer system for automated measurements of N2 and N2 O fluxes in fertilized cropping systems

Scientific Reports
Daniel I WarnerPeter Grace

Abstract

The use of synthetic N fertilizers has grown exponentially over the last century, with severe environmental consequences. Most of the reactive N will ultimately be removed by denitrification, but estimates of denitrification are highly uncertain due to methodical constraints of existing methods. Here we present a novel, mobile isotope ratio mass spectrometer system (Field-IRMS) for in-situ quantification of N2 and N2O fluxes from fertilized cropping systems. The system was tested in a sugarcane field continuously monitoring N2 and N2O fluxes for 7 days following fertilization using a fully automated measuring cycle. The detection limit of the Field-IRMS proved to be highly sensitive for N2 (54 g ha-1 day-1) and N2O (0.25 g ha-1 day-1) emissions. The main product of denitrification was N2 with total denitrification losses of up to 1.3 kg N ha-1 day-1. These losses demonstrate sugarcane systems in Australia are a hotspot for denitrification where high emissions of N2O and N2 can be expected. The new Field-IRMS allows for the direct and highly sensitive detection of N2 and N2O fluxes in real time at a high temporal resolution, which will help to improve our quantitative understanding of denitrification in fertilized cropping systems.

References

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