Modeling of Mitochondrial Donut Formation

Biophysical Journal
Qi LongXingguo Liu

Abstract

Mitochondria are highly dynamic cell organelles. Continual cycles of fusion and fission play an important role in mitochondrial metabolism and cellular signaling. Previously, a novel mitochondrial morphology, the donut, was reported in cells after hypoxia-reoxygenation or osmotic pressure changes. However, the mechanism of donut formation remained elusive. Here, we obtained the distribution of donut diameters (D = 2R) and found that 95% are >0.8 μm. We also performed highly precise measurements of the mitochondrial tubule diameters using superresolution and electron microscopy. Then, we set up a model by calculating the mitochondrial bending energy and osmotic potential during donut formation. It shows that the bending energy is increased as the radius of curvature, R, gets smaller in the process of donut formation, especially for radii <0.4 μm, creating a barrier to donut formation. The calculations also show that osmotic potential energy release can balance the rising bending energy through volume expansion. Finally, we revealed the donut formation process in a Gibbs free-energy-dependent model combining calculations and measurements.

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Citations

Sep 30, 2018·Antioxidants & Redox Signaling·Elianne P BulthuisWerner J H Koopman
Jan 27, 2019·Scientific Reports·Sijie TanEsther Wong
Apr 25, 2020·Frontiers in Neuroscience·Chelsey Jenna LeBlangJennifer Irene Luebke
Jun 13, 2020·Cell Biology and Toxicology·Yanshuang ZhouXingguo Liu
Sep 8, 2018·Acta Neuropathologica·Eleanor K PickettTara L Spires-Jones
Jul 15, 2020·Physical Biology·Saurabh S MogreElena F Koslover
Jan 14, 2021·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Dirk Roosterman, Graeme Stuart Cottrell
Feb 3, 2021·Life Science Alliance·Patricia JaraboSergio Casas-Tintó
Dec 3, 2020·Frontiers in Physiology·Brian GlancyT Bradley Willingham
Feb 1, 2020·Analytical Chemistry·Eva Palacios-SerratoArturo Jiménez-Sánchez

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