Modeling Staphylococcus epidermidis-Induced Non-Unions: Subclinical and Clinical Evidence in Rats

PloS One
Arianna Barbara LovatiLorenzo Drago

Abstract

S. epidermidis is one of the leading causes of orthopaedic infections associated with biofilm formation on implant devices. Open fractures are at risk of S. epidermidis transcutaneous contamination leading to higher non-union development compared to closed fractures. Although the role of infection in delaying fracture healing is well recognized, no in vivo models investigated the impact of subclinical low-grade infections on bone repair and non-union. We hypothesized that the non-union rate is directly related to the load of this commonly retrieved pathogen and that a low-grade contamination delays the fracture healing without clinically detectable infection. Rat femurs were osteotomized and stabilized with plates. Fractures were infected with a characterized clinical-derived methicillin-resistant S. epidermidis (10(3), 10(5), 10(8) colony forming units) and compared to uninfected controls. After 56 days, bone healing and osteomyelitis were clinically assessed and further evaluated by micro-CT, microbiological and histological analyses. The biofilm formation was visualized by scanning electron microscopy. The control group showed no signs of infection and a complete bone healing. The 10(3) group displayed variable response to i...Continue Reading

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Citations

May 18, 2018·Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research·Arianna B LovatiCarlo L Romanò
Sep 16, 2017·European Journal of Preventive Cardiology·Louise G Shewan
Jan 23, 2019·Journal of Orthopaedic Research : Official Publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society·T Fintan MoriartyR Geoff Richards
Mar 16, 2019·Journal of Medical Microbiology·Marta BottagisioArianna B Lovati
Jul 23, 2019·Journal of Orthopaedic Research : Official Publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society·Michiel CroesH Charles Vogely
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Nov 9, 2021·Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. Global Research & Reviews·Stuart IrwinSimon Swift

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
Scanning Electron Microscopy
dissection

Software Mentioned

GraphPad Prism
MicroView
BLAST

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