Moderate Alcohol Consumption Targets S100β+ Vascular Stem Cells and Attenuates Injury-Induced Neointimal Hyperplasia.

Alcoholism, Clinical and Experimental Research
Weimin LiuEileen M Redmond

Abstract

Stem cells present in the vessel wall may be triggered in response to injurious stimuli to undergo differentiation and contribute to vascular disease development. Our aim was to determine the effect of moderate alcohol (EtOH) exposure on the expansion and differentiation of S100 calcium-binding protein B positive (S100β+ ) resident vascular stem cells and their contribution to pathologic vessel remodeling in a mouse model of arteriosclerosis. Lineage tracing analysis of S100β+ cells was performed in male and female S100β-eGFP/Cre/ERT2-dTomato transgenic mice treated daily with or without EtOH by oral gavage (peak BAC: 15 mM or 0.07%) following left common carotid artery ligation for 14 days. Carotid arteries (ligated or sham-operated) were harvested for morphological analysis and confocal assessment of fluorescent-tagged S100 β + cells in FFPE carotid cross sections. Ligation-induced carotid remodeling was more robust in males than in females. EtOH-gavaged mice had less adventitial thickening and markedly reduced neointimal formation compared to controls, with a more pronounced inhibitory effect in males compared to females. There was significant expansion of S100β+ -marked cells in vessels postligation, primarily in the neoint...Continue Reading

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