PMID: 3759576Aug 1, 1986Paper

Modification of DNA damage in transcriptionally active vs. bulk chromatin

International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics
S M ChiuN L Oleinick

Abstract

Our previous experiments have demonstrated that regions of nuclear chromatin, containing transcriptionally active DNA sequences and associated with the nuclear matrix, are hypersensitive to the production of both single-strand breaks and DNA-protein cross-links upon gamma-irradiation of exponentially growing mammalian cells. In this study, we have irradiated Chinese hamster V79 cells in buffered saline with or without DMSO to scavenge hydroxyl radicals and in buffered salines of various tonicities to expand or condense chromatin. The yield of DNA-protein cross-links was assayed by a nitrocellulose filter binding technique and the DNA recovered from the cross-links hybridized to 125I-poly(A+)RNA to determine the relative frequency of transcriptionally active sequences in the cross-links compared to the bulk DNA. In all cases, the data show that active DNA is affected to a greater extent than bulk, primarily inactive DNA. The more extensive alteration of the level of ionizing radiation-induced damage in active DNA by the diffusible agents tested suggests that other agents, such as chemical sensitizers and protectors, which need to diffuse to the nuclear DNA, may also be acting primarily on active, matrix-associated DNA.

References

Jul 25, 1975·Science·R Berezney, D S Coffey
Oct 29, 1982·Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta·S M ChiuP J Stambrook
May 27, 1982·Nature·S Weisbrod
Apr 14, 1982·Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications·H J Niggli, P A Cerutti

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Jan 1, 1990·Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology·A E CressG T Bowden
May 1, 1996·Radiotherapy and Oncology : Journal of the European Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology·M I NúñezV Pedraza
Jan 1, 1990·Radiation and Environmental Biophysics·M Frankenberg-Schwager
May 1, 1989·Radiotherapy and Oncology : Journal of the European Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology·G G Steel, J H Peacock
Feb 27, 2016·International Journal of Radiation Biology·Daniel A FriedmanAndrew T M Vaughan
Apr 20, 1993·Biochemistry·K K MurthiR G Salomon
Aug 12, 2005·The Journal of Biological Chemistry·Sharon BarkerDavid Murray
Aug 1, 1990·International Journal of Radiation Biology·S M ChiuN L Oleinick

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.