Modifying MSC Phenotype to Facilitate Bone Healing: Biological Approaches

Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology
Stuart B Goodman, Tzuhua Lin

Abstract

Healing of fractures and bone defects normally follows an orderly series of events including formation of a hematoma and an initial stage of inflammation, development of soft callus, formation of hard callus, and finally the stage of bone remodeling. In cases of severe musculoskeletal injury due to trauma, infection, irradiation and other adverse stimuli, deficient healing may lead to delayed or non-union; this results in a residual bone defect with instability, pain and loss of function. Modern methods of mechanical stabilization and autologous bone grafting are often successful in achieving fracture union and healing of bone defects; however, in some cases, this treatment is unsuccessful because of inadequate biological factors. Specifically, the systemic and local microenvironment may not be conducive to bone healing because of a loss of the progenitor cell population for bone and vascular lineage cells. Autologous bone grafting can provide the necessary scaffold, progenitor and differentiated lineage cells, and biological cues for bone reconstruction, however, autologous bone graft may be limited in quantity or quality. These unfavorable circumstances are magnified in systemic conditions with chronic inflammation, including...Continue Reading

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Citations

Sep 6, 2020·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·André BuschMarcus Jäger
Nov 6, 2020·Journal of Bone and Mineral Metabolism·Iván Nadir Camal RuggieriSara Feldman
Nov 24, 2020·Journal of Inflammation Research·Stuart B Goodman, Masahiro Maruyama
Jul 6, 2021·Stem Cells International·Rita Lih-Ying ShinOscar Kuang-Sheng Lee

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
membrane filtration
fluorescence-activated cell sorting
transfection
GAM

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