Modulating hierarchically microporous biochar via molten alkali treatment for efficient adsorption removal of perfluorinated carboxylic acids from wastewater

The Science of the Total Environment
Yufei ZhouJunfeng Niu

Abstract

This work presented a three-dimensional (3D) hierarchically microporous biochar (HMB) via molten alkali treatment that achieved efficient adsorption of perfluorinated carboxylic acids (PFCAs), which was a significant environment concern due to the global distribution and potential health risks. The systematic optimization of fabrication process rendered the HMB large surface area and uniform microporous structure, leading to a high adsorption capacity and adsorption rate of 1269 mg/g and 197 mg/(g·min), respectively, when perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) was as a representative. The adsorption mechanisms were explored via controlling the interaction between PFCAs and the HMB900-2.4. Specifically, hydrophobic effect was verified by the enhanced adsorption performance with the increase of the PFCAs homologues hydrophobicity. The observed highly pH-dependent adsorption capacity additionally suggested the dominant contribution of electrostatic interaction. For long-chain PFCAs (CnF2n+1COOH, n > 5), the HMB900-2.4 presented a high removal efficiency (> 90%) within 30 min. Even for short-chain PFCAs (CnF2n+1COOH, n = 4-5), the removal efficiency reached to over 60%. The synthesized HMB900-2.4 exhibited high stability during recycling ex...Continue Reading

References

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