Modulatory factors in the effect of energy density on energy intake

The British Journal of Nutrition
M S Westerterp-Plantenga

Abstract

The effect of energy density (ED) on energy intake (EI) has been assessed in short-term and long-term experiments. In the short term, it was found that ED affects EI directly in situations when the subjects cannot estimate the ED of the food; then subjects mainly monitor the weight of the food ingested. In the long term, the effects of ED on EI are modulated. Average daily EI appears to be related to ED of the food and drinks when ED is determined by specific macronutrients, but not when ED is only determined by the weight of water. Thus, the short-term effect ED has on EI cannot be extrapolated to the long term, because a possible dominating effect of the weight of water determining ED undoes the relationship of ED with EI. Moreover, in the long-term portion sizes are used to compensate for correctly estimated ED, resulting in less variation in EI than ED alone would imply. Finally, dietary restraint compensates for the effect of a relatively high ED on daily EI, whereas dietary unrestraint compensates for the effect of relatively low ED on daily EI. We conclude that the short-term effect of ED on EI is modulated by the effect of water on ED, and compensated for by the effect of dietary restraint and adapted portion sizes.

References

Mar 1, 1990·Physiology & Behavior·M S Westerterp-PlantengaF ten Hoor
Jul 1, 1973·Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology·T A Spiegel
Mar 3, 1998·International Journal of Obesity and Related Metabolic Disorders : Journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity·M S Westerterp-PlantengaJ A Weststrate
May 9, 1998·Appetite·A Himaya, J Louis-Sylvestre
Nov 7, 1998·International Journal of Obesity and Related Metabolic Disorders : Journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity·R J StubbsC Reid
Feb 16, 1999·The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition·M S Westerterp-Plantenga, C R Verwegen
Jun 12, 1999·European Journal of Clinical Nutrition·B J Rolls, E A Bell
Mar 14, 2000·Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews·M S Westerterp-Plantenga
Apr 12, 2001·The British Journal of Nutrition·M S Westerterp-Plantenga

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Dec 12, 2012·The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition·Eveline A MartensMargriet S Westerterp-Plantenga
Apr 4, 2014·The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition·Gabriel MassetNicole Darmon
Apr 25, 2014·The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition·Eveline A MartensMargriet S Westerterp-Plantenga
Jan 14, 2009·The British Journal of Nutrition·Anne-Claire VergnaudSandrine Bertrais
Oct 16, 2009·Clinical Nutrition : Official Journal of the European Society of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition·Willem F NieuwenhuizenMarion M Hetherington

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.