Molecular and Metabolic Basis of Clear Cell Carcinoma of the Kidney

Advances in Anatomic Pathology
Mohammed AkhtarTurki Al Hussain

Abstract

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a heterogenous group of tumors, >70% of which belong to the category of clear cell carcinoma. In recent years, crucial advances have been made in our understanding of the molecular and metabolic basis of clear cell carcinoma. This tumor manifests significant alterations in the cellular metabolism, so that the tumor cells preferentially induce the hypoxia response pathway using aerobic glycolysis, rather than the normal oxidative phosphorylation for energy. Most of the clear cell carcinomas (sporadic as well as familial) have mutations and deletions in the VHL gene located at 3p (p3.25). Normally, pVHL plays a crucial role in the proteasomal degradation of hypoxia-inducible factors (HIF)1 and HIF2. Lack of a functioning pVHL owing to genetic alterations results in stabilization and accumulation of these factors, which promotes cell growth, cell proliferation, and angiogenesis, contributing to a neoplastic phenotype. Several other genes normally located adjacent to VHL (BAP1, SETD2, PBRM1) may also be lost. These are tumor suppressor genes whose loss not only plays a role in carcinogenesis but may also influence the clinical course of these neoplasms. In addition, interaction among a variety of other...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jan 16, 2019·Journal of Cellular Physiology·Bing ZhongRuipeng Jia
Apr 9, 2019·International Journal of Surgical Pathology·Eun Kyung KimNam Hoon Cho
Jun 14, 2020·Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology·Adrian Georg SimonMarieta Ioana Toma
May 10, 2020·Cell Death & Disease·Yangyang YueJinhai Fan
Feb 27, 2021·Computational Biology and Chemistry·Feng LiZhiyu Wang

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