Molecular architecture of glycinergic synapses.

Histochemistry and Cell Biology
Thomas DresbachJoachim Kirsch

Abstract

Synapses can be considered chemical machines, which are optimized for fast and repeated exocytosis of neurotransmitters from presynaptic nerve terminals and the reliable electrical or chemical transduction of neurotransmitter binding to the appropriate receptors in the postsynaptic membrane. Therefore, synapses share a common repertoire of proteins like, e.g., the release machinery and certain cell adhesion molecules. This basic repertoire must be extended in order to generate specificity of neurotransmission and allow plastic changes, which are considered the basis of developmental and/or learning processes. Here, we focus on these complementary molecules located in the presynaptic terminal and postsynaptic membrane specializations of glycinergic synapses. Moreover, as specificity of neurotransmission in this system is established by the specific binding of the neurotransmitter to its receptor, we review the molecular properties of glycine receptor subunits and their assembly into functional glycine receptors with different functional characteristics. The past years have revealed that the molecular machinery underlying inhibitory and especially glycinergic postsynaptic membrane specializations is more complex and dynamic than ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jan 25, 2012·Histochemistry and Cell Biology·Ralph NawrotzkiJoachim Kirsch
Nov 15, 2013·Autoimmunity Reviews·M H van Coevorden-HameeteP A E Sillevis Smitt
Jan 19, 2016·Histochemistry and Cell Biology·Chrysovalandis SchwaleJochen Kuhse
Jul 15, 2015·Pharmacological Research : the Official Journal of the Italian Pharmacological Society·Carlos F BurgosLuis G Aguayo
Jan 16, 2015·The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics·Andrea SánchezLuis G Aguayo
Aug 12, 2021·Neurological Sciences : Official Journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology·Fei-Xia ZhanLi Cao

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