Molecular basis of a novel adaptation to hypoxic-hypercapnia in a strictly fossorial mole.

BMC Evolutionary Biology
Kevin L CampbellRoy E Weber

Abstract

Elevated blood O(2) affinity enhances survival at low O(2) pressures, and is perhaps the best known and most broadly accepted evolutionary adjustment of terrestrial vertebrates to environmental hypoxia. This phenotype arises by increasing the intrinsic O(2) affinity of the hemoglobin (Hb) molecule, by decreasing the intracellular concentration of allosteric effectors (e.g., 2,3-diphosphoglycerate; DPG), or by suppressing the sensitivity of Hb to these physiological cofactors. Here we report that strictly fossorial eastern moles (Scalopus aquaticus) have evolved a low O(2) affinity, DPG-insensitive Hb - contrary to expectations for a mammalian species that is adapted to the chronic hypoxia and hypercapnia of subterranean burrow systems. Molecular modelling indicates that this functional shift is principally attributable to a single charge altering amino acid substitution in the beta-type delta-globin chain (delta136Gly-->Glu) of this species that perturbs electrostatic interactions between the dimer subunits via formation of an intra-chain salt-bridge with delta82Lys. However, this replacement also abolishes key binding sites for the red blood cell effectors Cl-, lactate and DPG (the latter of which is virtually absent from the ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Apr 7, 2012·Journal of Comparative Physiology. B, Biochemical, Systemic, and Environmental Physiology·Kevin L CampbellRoy E Weber
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Jan 17, 2012·The Journal of Experimental Biology·Anthony V SignoreKevin L Campbell
Sep 18, 2021·The Journal of Experimental Biology·Maiah E M DevereauxMatthew E Pamenter

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Datasets Mentioned

BETA
HM060237
HM060243
AC104389

Methods Mentioned

BETA
electrophoresis
deamidation
PCR
scraping

Software Mentioned

Primer Premier
MUSCLE
DINO
Mascot
Distiller
[UNK]
Treefinder
GROMOS
GROMACS
Insight II

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