Molecular Basis of Orb2 Amyloidogenesis and Blockade of Memory Consolidation

PLoS Biology
Rubén HervásMariano Carrión-Vázquez

Abstract

Amyloids are ordered protein aggregates that are typically associated with neurodegenerative diseases and cognitive impairment. By contrast, the amyloid-like state of the neuronal RNA binding protein Orb2 in Drosophila was recently implicated in memory consolidation, but it remains unclear what features of this functional amyloid-like protein give rise to such diametrically opposed behaviour. Here, using an array of biophysical, cell biological and behavioural assays we have characterized the structural features of Orb2 from the monomer to the amyloid state. Surprisingly, we find that Orb2 shares many structural traits with pathological amyloids, including the intermediate toxic oligomeric species, which can be sequestered in vivo in hetero-oligomers by pathological amyloids. However, unlike pathological amyloids, Orb2 rapidly forms amyloids and its toxic intermediates are extremely transient, indicating that kinetic parameters differentiate this functional amyloid from pathological amyloids. We also observed that a well-known anti-amyloidogenic peptide interferes with long-term memory in Drosophila. These results provide structural insights into how the amyloid-like state of the Orb2 protein can stabilize memory and be nontoxi...Continue Reading

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
Circular Dichroism
transmission electron microscopy
fluorescence recovery after photobleaching
fluorescence resonance
FRET
nuclear magnetic resonance
Fluorescence
Protease
Assay
Pull-Down

Software Mentioned

PONDR
GraphPad Prism
ImageJ
DICHROWEB
FIT
MODELLER
GraphPad
VMD
- FIT

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