Molecular characterization of respiratory syncytial viruses infecting children reported to have received palivizumab immunoprophylaxis

Journal of Clinical Virology : the Official Publication of the Pan American Society for Clinical Virology
Danielle B L OliveiraDean D Erdman

Abstract

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a major cause of respiratory infections in children. Palivizumab (PZ) is the only RSV-specific immunoprophylaxis approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Mutations leading to amino acid substitutions in the PZ binding site of the RSV F protein have been associated with breakthrough RSV infections in patients receiving PZ. To detect PZ resistance conferring mutations in RSV strains from children who received PZ. Children aged ≤ 24 months on October 31 who were hospitalized or had outpatient visits for respiratory illness and/or fever during October-May 2001-2008 in 3 US counties were included. PZ receipt was obtained from parent interviews and medical records among children subsequently infected with RSV. Archived nasal/throat swab specimens were tested for RSV by real-time RT-PCR. The coding region of the PZ binding site of the RSV F protein was sequenced using both Sanger and pyrosequencing methods. Of 8762 enrolled children, 375 (4.3%) were tested for RSV and had a history of PZ receipt, of which 56 (14.9%) were RSV-positive and 45 of these had available archived specimens. Molecular typing identified 42 partial F gene sequences in specimens from 39 children: 19 single RSV subgro...Continue Reading

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Citations

Dec 8, 2015·Expert Review of Vaccines·Patricia A JorqueraRalph A Tripp
Sep 9, 2020·Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·Eric A F SimõesSumathi Sivapalasingam
Jan 28, 2021·Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics·Natividad ViguriaJesús Castilla
Oct 23, 2020·Journal of Clinical Microbiology·David E TaborUNKNOWN INFORM-RSV Study Group

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