Molecular evaluation of drug resistance in clinical isolates of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi from Pakistan

Journal of Infection in Developing Countries
Amna AfzalAbdul Haque

Abstract

This study aimed to determine the drug susceptibility patterns and genetic elements related to drug resistance in isolates of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi (S. Typhi) from the Faisalabad region of Pakistan. The drug resistance status of 80 isolates were evaluated by determining antimicrobial susceptibility, MICs, drug resistance genes involved, and the presence of integrons. Nalidixic acid resistance and reduced susceptibility to ciprofloxacin were also investigated by mutation screening of the gyrA, gyrB, parC, and parE genes. Forty-seven (58.7%) isolates were multidrug resistant (MDR). Among the different resistance (R) types, the most commonly observed (13/80) was AmChStrTeSxtSmzTmp, which is the most frequent type observed in India and Pakistan. The most common drug resistant genes were blaTEM-1, cat, strA-strB, tetB, sul1, sul2, and dfrA7. Among the detected genes, only dfrA7 was found to be associated in the form of a single gene cassette within the class 1 integrons. MIC determination of currently used drugs revealed fourth-generation gatifloxacin as an effective drug against multidrug-resistant S. Typhi, but its clinical use is controversial. The Ser83→Phe substitution in gyrA was the predominant alteration in nalid...Continue Reading

Citations

Dec 3, 2014·International Journal of Pharmaceutics·Ky V HoangKristy M Ainslie
Mar 1, 2015·Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy : Official Journal of the Japan Society of Chemotherapy·Aqsa ShaheenMoazur Rahman
Mar 10, 2016·Molecular Diagnosis & Therapy·Balaji VeeraraghavanNaveen Kumar Devanga Ragupathi
Mar 8, 2021·BMC Infectious Diseases·Hazrat BilalXingyuan Yang
Aug 7, 2021·Microbial Drug Resistance : MDR : Mechanisms, Epidemiology, and Disease·Nusrat YasinKhalid J Alzahrani

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