Molecular identification and characterisation of the glycine transporter (GLYT1) and the glutamine/glutamate transporter (ASCT2) in the rat lens

Experimental Eye Research
Julie C LimPaul J Donaldson

Abstract

Glutathione (GSH) is an essential antioxidant required for the maintenance of lens transparency. In the lens, GSH is maintained at unusually high concentrations as a result of direct GSH uptake and/or intracellular de novo synthesis from its precursor amino acids; cysteine, glycine and glutamine/glutamate. With increasing age, the levels of GSH, particularly in the core of the lens, are significantly reduced. It has been proposed that alterations in the transport of GSH and/or its precursor amino acids may contribute to the changes in GSH levels in older lenses. As considerable uncertainty exists about the molecular identity of GSH transporters in the lens, we have focused on identifying transporters involved in the uptake of the precursor amino acids required for GSH synthesis. Previously, we identified an uptake system for cyst(e)ine mediated by the Xc(-) exchanger and the Excitatory Amino Acid Transporters (EAATs) in the rat lens. In this current study, we have identified and localised additional uptake systems that contribute to GSH synthesis. Transcripts for GLYT1 (glycine transporter) and ASCT2 (glutamine/glutamate transporter) were detected in rat lens fiber cells using the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jun 15, 2007·The Journal of Membrane Biology·Richard T MathiasPaul Donaldson
Dec 11, 2008·The Journal of Membrane Biology·Huan WangRichard T Mathias
Mar 16, 2011·Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences·Ralf DahmGijs F J M Vrensen
Nov 5, 2013·BioMed Research International·Ankita UmapathyJulie Lim
Dec 25, 2013·The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science·Takuya MaruoHideharu Ochiai
Jan 15, 2013·Experimental Eye Research·Angus C GreyKevin L Schey
May 22, 2010·Experimental Eye Research·Julie C Lim, Paul J Donaldson
Oct 27, 2015·Experimental Eye Research·Semen O TamaraYuri P Tsentalovich
Dec 17, 2008·Experimental Eye Research·Paul G FitzGerald
Apr 15, 2008·Experimental Eye Research·Haruna Suzuki-KerrJulie Lim
Nov 11, 2006·Experimental Eye Research·Y DunS B Smith
Nov 5, 2015·Biophysical Journal·Junyuan GaoRichard T Mathias
Jan 9, 2008·Journal of Cellular Physiology·Maisie LoPeter W Gout
Mar 8, 2013·Clinical & Experimental Optometry : Journal of the Australian Optometrical Association·Michael KalloniatisNiru Arunthavasothy
Jun 27, 2013·Clinical & Experimental Optometry : Journal of the Australian Optometrical Association·Deepa KumarPaul J Donaldson
Mar 17, 2015·Experimental Eye Research·Yuri P TsentalovichRenad Z Sagdeev
Jun 11, 2016·Experimental Eye Research·Julie C LimPaul J Donaldson
Jan 13, 2012·Biology of Reproduction·Caroline E DunkSteven J Lye
Jan 21, 2010·Physiological Reviews·Richard T MathiasXiaohua Gong
Jun 25, 2019·Frontiers in Physiology·Emilia Boiadjieva KnöpfelBarbara Kloeckener-Gruissem
May 30, 2019·Nutrients·Andrea J BraakhuisPaul J Donaldson
Oct 15, 2020·Scientific Reports·Yuri P TsentalovichIliya M Odud
Jun 24, 2019·Experimental Eye Research·Yosuke NakazawaRosica S Petrova
Jun 23, 2021·Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science·Renita Maria MartisJulie Ching-Hsia Lim
Dec 14, 2021·Frontiers in Physiology·Catherine ChengRichard T Mathias

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