Molecular Identification of Shark Meat From Local Markets in Southern Brazil Based on DNA Barcoding: Evidence for Mislabeling and Trade of Endangered Species

Frontiers in Genetics
Fernanda Almerón-SouzaNelson J R Fagundes

Abstract

Elasmobranchs, the group of cartilaginous fishes that include sharks and rays, are especially vulnerable to overfishing due to low fecundity and late sexual maturation. A significant number of elasmobranch species are currently overexploited or threatened by fisheries activities. Additionally, several recent reports have indicated that there has been a reduction in regional elasmobranch population sizes. Brazil is an important player in elasmobranch fisheries and one of the largest importers of shark meat. However, carcasses entering the shark meat market have usually had their fins and head removed, which poses a challenge to reliable species identification based on the morphology of captured individuals. This is further complicated by the fact that the internal Brazilian market trades several different elasmobranch species under a common popular name: "cação." The use of such imprecise nomenclature, even among governmental agencies, is problematic for both controlling the negative effects of shark consumption and informing the consumer about the origins of the product. In this study, we used DNA barcoding (mtDNA, COI gene) to identify, at the species level, "cação" samples available in local markets from Southern Brazil. We c...Continue Reading

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Citations

Aug 26, 2020·Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition·Telmo J R FernandesIsabel Mafra
Jan 19, 2021·Genome Génome / Conseil National De Recherches Canada·Leonardo Tresoldi GonçalvesCláudia Calegaro-Marques
Apr 29, 2021·Biology Letters·Filipe Michels Bianchi, Leonardo Tresoldi Gonçalves
Jun 17, 2021·Forensic Science International. Genetics·Utpal SmartBruce Budowle

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Software Mentioned

Geneious
jModelTest
RAxML
Basic Local Alignment Search Tool — Nucleotide ( BLASTn )
MAFFT
BLAST
PAUP

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