Molecular pathology of pulmonary surfactants and cytokines in drowning compared with other asphyxiation and fatal hypothermia.

International Journal of Legal Medicine
Takako MiyazatoHitoshi Maeda

Abstract

Drowning involves complex fatal factors, including asphyxiation and electrolyte/osmotic disturbances, as well as hypothermia in cold water. The present study investigated the molecular pathology of pulmonary injury due to drowning, using lung specimens from forensic autopsy cases of drowning (n = 21), acute mechanical asphyxia due to neck compression and smothering (n = 24), and hypothermia (cold exposure, n = 11), as well as those of injury (n = 23), intoxication (n = 13), fire fatality (n = 18), and acute cardiac death (n = 9) for comparison. TaqMan real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was used to quantify messenger RNA (mRNA) expressions of pulmonary surfactant-associated proteins A and D (SP-A and SP-D), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-10. SP-A and SP-D mRNA levels were lower for drowning, mechanical asphyxiation, fire fatality, and acute cardiac deaths than for hypothermia and injury. TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-10 mRNA levels were higher for drowning or for drowning and injury than for other groups; there was no significant difference between fire fatality, involving airway injury due to inhalation of hot/irritant gases, and other control groups. These observations suggest characte...Continue Reading

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Citations

Aug 14, 2012·International Journal of Legal Medicine·Qi WangHitoshi Maeda
Feb 1, 2014·Legal Medicine·Hitoshi MaedaTomomi Michiue
Feb 22, 2014·International Journal of Legal Medicine·Cristian PalmierePetr Hejna
Aug 20, 2014·The Annals of Thoracic Surgery·Bryan A WhitsonJonathan D'Cunha
Jun 29, 2015·Forensic Science International : Synergy·SeonYoung YuHyung-Seok Kim
May 1, 2016·Journal of Forensic and Legal Medicine·S L Belsey, R J Flanagan
Aug 7, 2018·European Journal of Emergency Medicine : Official Journal of the European Society for Emergency Medicine·Pierre MicheletThibaut Markarian
Mar 9, 2020·Human Cell·Naoto TaniTakaki Ishikawa
Apr 8, 2017·International Scholarly Research Notices·Kenneth NugentDolores Buscemi
Feb 19, 2016·Physiology·Joost J L M BierensDavid S Warner
Dec 31, 2020·Diagnostics·Anna RocchiIsabella Spinetti
Apr 18, 2020·Transplantation·Laura SeeseVictor O Morell
May 15, 2021·Forensic Science International : Synergy·Isabel LegazMaría D Pérez-Cárceles
Feb 23, 2019·Forensic Sciences Research·Junqi JianYijiu Chen

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