Molecular Techniques for the Detection of Organisms in Aquatic Environments, with Emphasis on Harmful Algal Bloom Species

Sensors
Linda K Medlin, Jahir Orozco

Abstract

Molecular techniques to detect organisms in aquatic ecosystems are being gradually considered as an attractive alternative to standard laboratory methods. They offer faster and more accurate means of detecting and monitoring species, with respect to their traditional homologues based on culture and microscopic counting. Molecular techniques are particularly attractive when multiple species need to be detected and/or are in very low abundance. This paper reviews molecular techniques based on whole cells, such as microscope-based enumeration and Fluorescence In-Situ Hybridization (FISH) and molecular cell-free formats, such as sandwich hybridization assay (SHA), biosensors, microarrays, quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and real time PCR (RT-PCR). Those that combine one or several laboratory functions into a single integrated system (lab-on-a-chip) and techniques that generate a much higher throughput data, such as next-generation systems (NGS), were also reviewed. We also included some other approaches that enhance the performance of molecular techniques. For instance, nano-bioengineered probes and platforms, pre-concentration and magnetic separation systems, and solid-phase hybridization offer highly pre-concentrati...Continue Reading

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Citations

Apr 17, 2018·Biomicrofluidics·Junsheng WangDongqing Li
Jun 25, 2020·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Jihen ElleuchSlim Abdelkafi
Nov 19, 2020·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·So FujiyoshiFumito Maruyama
Nov 14, 2018·Harmful Algae·Stephen S BatesChui Pin Leaw
Mar 29, 2021·Journal of Fish Diseases·Susan Gibson-Kueh, Joseph Angelo Uichanco
Aug 29, 2021·Biotechnology Advances·Kexin WangPau Loke Show
Sep 23, 2021·Environmental Science. Processes & Impacts·Laura BarsantiPaolo Gualtieri

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
biosensors
flow cytometry
Assay
biosensor
genosensors
PCR
fluorescence resonance
chip
reverse transcription PCR
genosensor

Software Mentioned

MIDTAL
μAQUA
ChemScan
Phylochip

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