Abstract
An epidemiological study was carried out in Norway in 2015-2018, investigating the development of infection with Piscine myocarditis virus (PMCV) and development of cardiomyopathy syndrome (CMS) in farmed Atlantic salmon. Cohorts from 12 sites were followed and sampled every month or every other month from sea transfer to slaughter. PMCV was detected at all sites and in all sampled cages, and fish in six sites developed clinical CMS. The initial infection happened between 1 and 7 months post-sea transfer, and the median time from infection with PMCV until outbreak of CMS was 6.5 months. Generally, fish from sites with CMS had higher viral titre and a higher prevalence of PMCV, compared to sites that did not develop clinical CMS. The virus persisted until the point of slaughter at most (11 out of 12) of the sites. The detection of PMCV in all sites suggests that PMCV is more widespread than previously known. Screening for PMCV as a tool to monitor impending outbreaks of CMS must be supported by observations of the health status of the fish and risk factors for development of disease.
References
Mar 1, 1994·Medical Education·J Price, J A Byrne
Jul 11, 2000·The Veterinary Record·H Rodger, T Turnbull
Oct 4, 2003·Diseases of Aquatic Organisms·Trygve T Poppe, Sverre L Seierstad
Dec 12, 2003·Diseases of Aquatic Organisms·E BrunJ Jarp
Nov 19, 2005·BMC Molecular Biology·Pål A OlsvikIvar Hordvik
Feb 25, 2009·Journal of Fish Diseases·R T Kongtorp, T Taksdal
Jan 27, 2010·Diseases of Aquatic Organisms·C FritsvoldT T Poppe
Jan 27, 2010·Diseases of Aquatic Organisms·D W Bruno, P A Noguera
Nov 12, 2010·Virology Journal·Marie LøvollTorstein Tengs
Mar 18, 2011·Journal of Virology·Oyvind HauglandOystein Evensen
Sep 29, 2011·BMC Genomics·Gerrit TimmerhausSven Martin Jørgensen
Dec 20, 2011·Journal of Fish Diseases·C R Wiik-NielsenM Løvoll
Aug 24, 2012·Journal of Fish Diseases·J Wiik-NielsenS Grove
Oct 15, 2013·Journal of Fish Diseases·H D RodgerN M Ruane
Dec 18, 2013·Diseases of Aquatic Organisms·Britt Bang JensenAnja B Kristoffersen
Nov 3, 2016·Journal of Fish Diseases·J Wiik-NielsenA B Mikalsen
Oct 25, 2017·Journal of Fish Diseases·Å H GarsethA B Mikalsen
Jan 8, 2018·Parasites & Vectors·Are NylundEgil Karlsbakk
Jun 22, 2018·Journal of Fish Diseases·Øystein WesselEspen Rimstad
Citations
Apr 23, 2020·Journal of Fish Diseases·Aase B MikalsenØystein Evensen
Jun 7, 2019·Journal of Fish Diseases·Andrew J TigheNeil M Ruane
Aug 9, 2020·Frontiers in Veterinary Science·Tadaishi YatabeSimon J More
Sep 28, 2021·Journal of Fish Diseases·Camilla FritsvoldHilde Sindre