Monitoring Inflammation, Humoral and Cell-mediated Immunity in Pancreas and Islet Transplants

Current Diabetes Reviews
Paolo MontiLorenzo Piemonti

Abstract

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is caused by the chronic autoimmune destruction of insulin producing beta cells. Beta cell replacement therapy through whole pancreas or islet transplantation is a therapeutic option for patients in which a stable glucose control is not achievable with exogenous insulin therapy. Long-term insulin independence is, however, hampered by the recipient immune response that includes activation of inflammatory pathways and specific allo- and autoimmunity. The identification and monitoring of soluble and cellular biomarkers are of critical relevance for the prediction of graft damage, for the evaluation of responses to immune-modulating therapy, and for target pathways identification to generate novel drugs or therapeutic approaches. The final objective of immune monitoring is to find ways to improve the outcome of pancreas and islet transplantation. In this review, we discuss the available tools to monitor the innate, humoral and cellular responses after islet and pancreas transplantation, and the most relevant findings generated by these measurements.

Citations

Jun 28, 2016·Current Opinion in Organ Transplantation·George W BurkeAlberto Pugliese
Jan 10, 2017·Frontiers in Immunology·Deepak Kumar NayakThalachallour Mohanakumar
May 1, 2020·Diabetologia·Shadab AbadpourMaria Sörhede Winzell
Nov 3, 2016·Current Opinion in Organ Transplantation·Karen English
Apr 30, 2019·Transplant International : Official Journal of the European Society for Organ Transplantation·Elisa MontanariLeo H Bühler
May 22, 2019·In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology. Animal·Gholamreza DaryaborEskandar Kamali-Sarvestani
Sep 20, 2019·Lancet·Marie-Christine VantyghemMichael R Rickels
Jul 11, 2021·American Journal of Transplantation : Official Journal of the American Society of Transplantation and the American Society of Transplant Surgeons·Ugo BoggiThierry Berney

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
biopsy
flow cytometry
PCR

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